A large volume of currency is paid to and received from financial institutions through the bulk transaction operation counter. The banknotes are paid out of the vaults and start their circulation as they go out into the world through this counter. They pass through many people's hands before returning to the Bank. An average of about 427 billion yen in notes was paid and received daily through the Bank in 2023.
Banknotes in circulation at the end of December 2023 totaled 124.6 trillion yen. If these banknotes were stacked up, they would reach a height of approximately 1,854 kilometers (1,152 miles) -- equivalent to approximately 491 times the height of Mt. Fuji (3,776 meters, or 12,388 feet).
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